Published on November 4th 2023 | 7 mins , 1324 words
Identify the arm of government that implements the law (1mk)
The executive
State the dispersal point of the river Lake Nilotes in Uganda before moving to Kenya (1mk)
Pubungu Pakwach
Give the name of the warriors among the Luo (1mk)
Thuondi (bulls)
Name the missionary who translated the New Testament to Kiswahili (1mk)
Dr. Ludwig Kraph
Give two limitations of right to privacy 2mks
Tax inspectors enter a premise for tax collection Health officers for health inspection
Security officers search for a person who has committed a crime
Give one level of conflict 1mk
Individual vs individual Group vs group Individual vs state Group vs state
State vs state
Identify two functions of Nairobi as an urban centre (2mks)
Administration centre
Transport and communication Centre Tourist centre
Commercial centre Residential centre Cultural centre Indusrial centre International centre
State two protection rights of a child (2mks)
Protected from abuse, neglect, harmful cultural practices
Protected from violence, inhuman treatment and exploitative labour Not to be detained except as a measure of last resort
Give two groups that monitor human rights in Kenya other than KNHREC (2mks)
Trade union movements Free press/ journalists NGOs
Law enforcement officers
Civil society groups e.g law society of Kenya
Give the term of the second Maasai agreement of 1911 (1mk)
It pushed Maasai from fertile Laikipia reserves to Ngong reserves
Why were Africans not allowed to grow cash crop until 1937? (1mk)
To remove African competition
To ensure provision of labour on European farms
To prevent spread of diseases from African farms to European farms
They claimed Africans did not have the knowledge to undertake large scale farming
Give the MAIN recommendation of Fraser Commission report of 1908 (1mk)
It recommended the introduction of racially segregated schools
Identify two groups that provided education during the colonial period (2mk)
The missionaries
The colonial government The Asians
The Africans
Name the Asian politician who helped East African Association (1mk)
M.A Desai
Identify two recommendations of Lennox Boyd constitution 2mks
An increase in the number of African elected members from 8 to 14 An increase in the number of African ministers to two
Introduction of a multi-racial representation in Legco.
By providing for 12 specially elected members – 4 from each race.
State two units of the Kenya Police Service 2mk
Criminal Investigations Department Anti-Stock Theft Unit
General Service Unit Traffic Police
Police Airwing
Anti- Narcortics Unit
Identify two functions of the chief justice (2mks)
Head of the judiciary
President of the Supreme Court Chairperson of JSC
Swears into office the president and Deputy President Swears in newly admitted advocates of the high court Assigns duties of the judges of the Supreme Court
SECTION B (45MKS)
Answer any three questions
a) Give five reasons for migration of Abagusii into Kenya during pre-colonial period 5mks
Due to population pressure in their original homeland Natural calamities
External attacks Internal feuds Outbreak of diseases
Spirit of adventure Search for fertile land
Describe the political organization of the Akamba during the pre-colonial period (10mks)
They had a decentralized political system
The basic political unit of the Akamba was the clan The clan was ruled by council of elders
They had different age-grades – junior elders who were warriors defending the community Medium elders who assisted in administration.
Full elders –Atumia ma kivalo who delivered judgements
Senior elders –Atumia ma ithembo- who were involved in religious activities
a) Give five causes of Somali resistance to British rule in the 19th C (5mks)
Opposed to the division of Somaliland into British and Italian spheres Somali being muslims were opposed to control by British Christians British attempt to stop Somali from raiding neighbours for cattle Angered by the punitive expeditions sent to their land
The British wanted the Somali to stop nomadic lifestyle
Explain five effects of Maasai collaboration with the British in early 20th C (10mks)
Lenana was made paramount chief of the Maasai The Maasai lost their land to British settlement
They were rewarded with material wealth acquired from resisting communities They lost their independence to the British
They were hired as mercenaries to pacify resisting communities Disruption of their economy as they lost their cattle
They were divided into Maasai of Kenya and Tanzania
a) state ways through which the colonial government controlled the migration of Africans to urban centres (3mks)
Taking a headcount of those supposed to live in urban centres
Enacting strict rules about migration into urban centres
Ensuring that only those with specific activities to undertake in urban centres lived there Introducing the kipande system
Explain reasons for the rise of independent churches and schools during pre-colonial Kenya (12mks)
To provide education opportunities for Africans To preserve their cultural heritage/ values
To sensitize Africans on evils of colonialism- colonial injustices like land alienation, taxation Kenyans were against the westernizing influence of missionaries
To create job opportunities for Africans as teachers- missionary education only prepared Africans for low-status jobs
Africans claimed to have received divine calling- John Owalo Africans were dissatisfied on the interpretation of the Christian scriptures
There was open discrimination against Africans in the church leadership as most served as altar boys
21. a) outline ways through which the ex-soldiers of WW11 contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya (5mks)
They were instrumental in the formation of MAU MAU movement They trained freedom fighters in war tactics
They waged armed struggle against the colonial government They made weapons used in the struggle for independence They dispelled the myth of European superiority
b) Explain five ways in which the Harambee philosophy has promoted the development of education in Kenya since independence (10mks)
Funds raised through Harambee were used to build educational institutions Many needy students were assisted in paying school fees
Physical facilities have been constructed/improved using Harambee funds
Teaching and learning materials have been purchased to improve quality of education Additional staff/ workers in schools have been paid using harambee funds
Co-curricular activities have been supported using well-wishers to help exploit talents
SECTION C (30MKS)
Answer any two questions
22.a) Give five economic responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen (5mks)
Participate in development activities Paying taxes
Engaging in income generation Protecting the environment Fighting corruption
b) Explain five factors that undermine National unity in Kenya 10mks
Unequal distribution of national resources causing imbalance in economic development leading to disharmony
Different religious beliefs causes hatred
Tribalism in employment and allocation of resources creates suspicion and hatred Nepotism to help relatives causes disharmony
Corruption and bribery leads to mistrust and suspicion Racism based on colour creates suspicion and hatred Gender discrimination causes suspicion
Greed for wealth and power causes hatred
23.a) Give three reasons why the constitution is important in Kenya 3mks
It defines the structure/ outlines the functions and powers of various branches of government It clearly states the rights and responsibilities of individuals
It spells out the responsibilities of those in power/ limits their authority It ensures equality of all Kenyans
It is the basis of all legislations in the country
b) Explain the functions of the Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission 12mks
To protect respect for human rights/ develop the culture of human rights in the country To receive complaints about alleged abuses to human rights from citizens
To monitor/ investigate and report on the observance of human rights in the country and take appropriate action
To promote the protection and observance of human rights To promote gender equality and equity generally
To take steps to secure appropriate redress where human rights have been violated
To investigate or research matters of human rights and make recommendations to the state
To ensure state compliance with obligations under treaties and conventions relating to human rights
24. a) What is the composition of the cabinet in Kenya (3mks)
The president
The deputy president The attorney General Cabinet Secretaries
b) Explain six powers of the President in Kenya (12mks)
Commander in –chief of the Kenya Defence Forces Power to exercise the Executive Authority of the republic Power of mercy – to pardon convicted criminals
Power to nominate and appoint or dismiss cabinet secretaries, judges of superior courts and state officers
Power to confer honours in the name of the people and the republic Chairperson of the National Security Council
Power to declare a state of emergency
NB: Don’t award functions.